1 Introduction to Hard Materials and Machining Methods 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Hard Materials 1.3 Machining Methods of Hard Materials 1.3.1 Hard Turning. 1.3.2 Hard Broaching 1.3.3 Hard Boring 1.3.4 Hard Milling 1.4 Challenges in Machining of Hard Materials 1.4.1 Steels 1.4.2 Titanium and Its Alloys 1.4.3 Super-Alloys 1.4.4 Composite Materials and Metal Matrix Composites 10 1.4.5 Cer…